Getting ready for robotics


As you can imagine, there are many new things to learn when you learn electronics. Q has been introduced to atoms, electrons, electrical current flow in metals, electronic orbitals, etc. Now she needs to learn about circuits and, in order to extend basic electronics to what she REALLY likes, which is robotics, she needs to learn about binary code.

To this end, Q is learning how to convert decimal numbers to binary code.

What is binary code? Taken from the Wikipedia we get:

The term binary code can mean several different things:

- There are a variety of different methods of coding numbers or symbols into strings of bits, including fixed-length binary numbers, prefix codes such as Huffman codes, and other coding techniques including arithmetic coding.
- Binary and text files on computers are represented as binary codes and
- Characters within text files can be represented by any of a number of character code systems, including ASCII, EBCDIC and Unicode.

You can get spiffy conversion tables at this site.

From this site we get the follow walk through explanation of Binary numbering.

A series of eight bits strung together makes a byte, much as 12 makes a dozen. With 8 bits, or 8 binary digits, there exist 2^8=256 possible combinations
Uses numbers 0, 1,, that’s 2 numbers. Hence base 2.
Binary numbering is the number system that is used by computers.
Note: The positional value doubles as you go to the next positional on the left

Power of the base: 2^4 = Positional value: 16
Power of the base: 2^3 = Positional value: 8
Power of the base: 2^2 = Positional value: 4
Power of the base: 2^1 = Positional value: 2
Power of the base: 2^0 = Positional value: 1

A binary digit is called a bit. There are two possible states in a bit, Usually expressed as 0 and 1, the two numbers used in the binary number system.
But the bit could represent on / off of an electrical circuit, yes / no, true / false, -1 / 0, -1 / +1, zero / non zero, or similar 2 state binary wording.
A byte of memory can store a number in the range 00000000 to 11111111 binary.
Numbers are often displayed in groups of 4, as follows, to make them easier to read. 0000 0000 to 1111 1111 binary.

Time Out for a Pause Political – Open Your Eyes

bush nixon wire tapping nyt ad

This would not be a progressive blog if I didnt take a moment on occasion to highlight some of the fundamental issues that we all (not just those of us who have come to the name progressive) must deal with.

As with any person who is driven by a crass profit motive, our president is not focused on what is in our best interest. His 8 years will be about the Big Grab. Why do we let him plunder what is ours?

Go here to learn more and to take action, like many of the rest of us.

Merry Christmas and Happy Holidays!

Techtronic osciloscope

I hope that you all have had a great holiday!

Q got a whole range of electronics parts for her homeschooling for christmas. Her grandpa gave her a very special osciliscope that is 40 years old, very expensive, and helpful for her in testing the circuits she makes. We will be kicking off new projects with this and other components, stay tuned!

Our homeschool images


This is our homeschool flickr photostream. It will be updated dynamically as we add more pics to our stream. I apologize if you have problems viewing flash, ahead of time. I am adding a link to the right column here for easy access in the future. Come on back and visit for new pics.

To the light, our hearts and minds turn

While I wish the holidays were not so clumped together, what can you do. If you live in the north, where your days wane and the great eye of the sun graces your days for a very short time in the winter, you will understand this post perhaps better than those who have a pretty constant day-night light cycle.

Our diminishing days really torque our diurnal clocks. I feel it, I cant possibly ignore it. To quell some of the sadness that comes in February when its -20F for weeks at a time, I am strongly compelled to celebrate and wholly process the winter solstice, when the pendulum of day begins to swing back in our favor.

We monkeys are pretty frail, and my particular weakness is a need for photostimulation to keep the cheer up.

For some, this time of year is about rigidly held and specific traditions. Always eat the same meal, same place at the table, same plates, same old christmas tree out of the closet, same lights out front on the bushes, go to the same midnight mass, same christmas morning wake up ritual. Many people LIKE it that way because it is a groove into which they put their mental record player needle, checking out.

We dont do that and now with our homeschooling, we can blow it all away with even more abandon.

This year we will celebrate the Winter Solstice, as we do every year, with candles and some sort of sun cake, but I am hoping to make it an intergenerational exploration into Saturnalia (food, revelry, consideration of older customs, times, cultures, religions), Mithra’s birthday (the precursor to the Christ birthday meme/myth) and how that was celebrated.

With each of these celebrations, we will touch on the old but also use our own context to bring some familiarity to it (for example, as we are descended on my side from Colombia, we will do a huge Fritanga, and fry up chicharrones, patacones, yuca fritas, empanadas, arepas, bunuelos, rice, beans, and we will also do the traditional midnight tamal (am gonna squish christmas with new years because my mom will not be here for the latter holiday)).

We do not celebrate the fact that we GET gifts. We celebrate that we have each other. For this reason, gifts are a relatively small part of our tradition.

I hope that you fellow homeschoolers are able to maximize the teachable moments in your holidays and find the light that can be hard to keep in the cold winter months.

Recipe:

Like most of colombian food, empanadas are a labor of love. You HAVE to make pique with this and spoon it into a piping hot empanada that you have bitten the end off of. -sighs- heaven on earth!

I found the following recipe here.

Recipe for Colombian EMPANADAS
(15 APROX.)

Ingredients:

• One pound of ground beef
• Two bunches of green onions finely chopped including ¾ of green part
• Half white onion finely chopped
• Half red bell pepper finely chopped
• Three large garlic cloves smashed
• Two large potatoes or three average size
• Large bottle of canola oil
• Spices (Mainly soy sauce, basil, oregano and black pepper)

To prepare the masa:
• One package of yellow corn flour “La Venezolana” or “La Colombiana” brand available at Liborio Market
• Goya seasoning with culantro & achiote
• Salt and warm mixture of water/milk (80%-20%) milk is optional

Preparing the primal ingredient: LA MASA:
After being psychologically prepared to be in the kitchen for a couple of hours, pour the flour on a wide clean hard surface (counter) and form a volcano-shape crater in the middle, pour some of the warm water and one pocket of Goya seasoning, to give the masa flavor and an orange color to it. Mix carefully by pouring the flour around the crater inside it with a spoon, until it soaks the water. Open a new crater with the moist flour and pour more warm water, pouring the dry flour around with the spoon. Repeat until all the flour is moist. Knead constantly with your hands and fingertips for around ten minutes, adding salt along the process. The key to a perfect masa is to reach a point where it is neither too dry, because the empanada might crack open while frying, nor too moist with water, because the empanada could “explote” once getting in touch with the hot oil, endangering the safety of the cook.
The trick is to add small amounts of oil while kneading, until reaching the ideal consistency, which is not cracking, neither getting sticky. It might take longer to reach such point when it’s the first time, but patience is the virtue of the best cooks.
Set aside, covering the masa with moist paper towels or kitchen rag to avoid cracking on the surface.

In the meantime, cook the potatoes in boiling water until soft.

EL RELLENO (stuffing):
Cook the carne asada (preferably on the grill for better taste). Set aside to let it cool off. On a cutting board chop the cooked meat finely. Separately, on a wide pan, sauté the garlic with 3 spoonfuls of oil, adding little by little ¾ of the total of the green onions, the white onion, the bell pepper and the seasonings at your own taste, constantly stirring with a wooden spoon, for about 10 minutes. Add the finely chopped meat. Keep on stirring for another couple of minutes to blend the ingredients very well. If the mixture is getting dry, add some oil. Take note of the fact that this relleno will be mixed later on with the smashed potatoes, and is the one carrying the flavor, so don’t be shy seasoning it. The stuffing must have a rich and tasty flavor. An empanada with no flavor is as sad as rice with no salt…
Set the mixture aside. Once the potatoes are soft enough, let them cool off and peel them off. With a large fork smash them, although it doesn’t have to be smashed all the way through. Tiny lumps are OK.
Add the potatoes into the stuffing mixture. Mix well. Double check for flavor and salt. You never know…

Prepare a frying pan with oil up to the middle. Heat well.

Take the masa and start making balls larger than a golf ball. Find a hard round surface to flatten the ball against. It could be a flat dish. You will also need a rectangular piece of thick plastic (like a large zip-lock bag open on both sides) to avoid the ball sticking to the surface of the dish. Have a cup of water at hand to constantly moist your fingertips while flattening the masa balls.
Put the plastic moist with water on the flat dish. Wet your fingertips, take one ball and put it on the dish covered with one end of the plastic then cover the ball with the other end of the plastic. Take a second smaller flat bottom dish and smash the ball against the larger dish underneath. The result should be a round-like masa “CD” of aprox. 5 inches wide and aprox. 1/16 thick. Put the masa on one of your hands still with the plastic, bending it like a hard taco, and with the other hand take some stuffing and put it in the center of the masa. Seal the ends with your moist fingertips making sure to leave some flat in order to make a decorative waving form along the sealed seam, as of an eel’s fin.

Put no more than two empanadas at the same time in the oil, since they might break open. Leave in oil for a few minutes, turn around and wait until golden. Put them on a tray with paper towels to soak the oil.

EL “PIQUE” (Colombian style salsa for empanadas):
Put the remaining chopped green onions in a bowl, adding chopped fresh cilantro, some water, vinegar, lemon juice and some hot sauce, depending on your taste. Pour this pique in every bite you make.

New long term project – frugal hydroponics

We are working on gathering resources and ideas about how to make a frugal but high productivity hydroponics system.

Once we have the initial system rigged up, we will post photos here.

If any fellow homeschoolers want to be remote partners (hydroponic penpals?) drop us a note and lets have some fun!

This last summer we did on-deck hanging container gardening with some success.

Even tho we have land, every time we have gardened in the ground we have been beset by pests, large (deer, wild rabbits) and small (aphids, slugs, moles, chipmunks). I also hate to weed so it doesnt happen and so the weeds are the usual crop (we have some evil virulent weeds here).

First we started from seed:

leaves

tomato 3

We took some cheap hanging pots (98c – walmart), cut out 4 square holes in the bottom, put our home-sprouted tomatoes in, upside down, filled in with souped up potting soil (ripped up some of the diapers that our baby had grown too big for, and used the hydratable gel as an amendment to the soil, knowing that we were going to over seed the pots.), then seeded the top of the pots (somehtng like 10 or so pots) with lettuce, cilantro, pumpkins, pole beans, bush beans, chives, margolds for protection, forgot what else.

We rigged up some trellises on our deck railings to hold up the pots (see pics below)

First crop was lettuce, mighty fine, full success.

plants1

lettuce close

upsidedown maters

Tomatoes, beans, well, everything grew (We used some fertilizer and had to water every day, with the watering becoming more crucial as time went on).

middleGarden

rightGarden

pumpkin

bumble bee

Three stages of Life

pumpkinForest

Some of our fruit are shown below. The cherry tomatoes were the most successful tomato. The plums grew but none really ripened.

Cherry Tomato from our deck-garden

The beans, pumpkins, and squash were such water hogs that they never fruited and reallllly drained the tomato plants.

Lessons learned:
- forget the pumpkins/squash
- forget the beans (my family choses lettuce over beans any day so this is ok)
- put in more of the gel (need to find cheap source of this stuff)
- use more Jobe sticks (are there organic solid sticks?)
- keep planting and replanting successive lettuces.

This truly was a great luttuce growing operation and we so enjoyed lettuce live off the deck, nothing like completely fresh leaves.